Hair net



March 27, 1945. LOEWENSOHN 2572330 HAIR NET Filed Mafch 11;, 1944 7INVENTORQ Pam mm a ATTORNEY.

SAMUEL LOEWENSOHN.

Patented Mar. 27, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Application March V11, 1944, Serial No. 525,993

fitllaims. (01.1132-49) -My invention relates to a hair net andparticularly to the elastic marginalmember for hair nets. Among theobjects and purposes of my invention are to provide:

- A substitute marginal elastic member in which no rubber is used.

A new application of high twist yarn in hair nets.

A means of surroundingan'd encasing the elastic members of the marginsof hair nets.

A knitted casing around the marginal elastic members of hair nets.

A loo-p stitch knitted hair net in which the strand are kn'.tted aroundthe marginthroughout its length.

A loop stitch net having the strands stitched around theelastlc membersto hold them together in a casing formed by the strands of the net.

,A knitted casing covering high twist yarn ends in the margin of a hairnet. V

I accomplish these and other objects by the construction hereindescribed and shown in :the drawing forming a part'hereof in which:

Fig. 1 Ba perspective view showingthe application of my device.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view ofone of the high twisted elastic marginalstrands after releasin the twist.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing how'the loop stitch encompassesthe elastic strands in the margin of the hair net showing the parts .asthough they were solid rather than fibrous.

Fig. 4 is a typical fragment such as indicated at 4-4, Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a fragment of the margin after release between the connectionsto the meshof the net as at and between 5-5, Fig. 4..

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views of the drawing and in the specifications.

General description The use of yarn having high twist strands which aretreated to hold the twist while being processed orhandled and which,when moistenedor released, becomes kinked and deformed. is well known.Such yarn may be rayon, having strands of about 150 denier and 55 turnsper inch for although various attempts have been :made to usethis typeof yarn as asubstitute :fnrrubber and-the like. (lastex), the principaldifliculties are that the yarn becomes tangled in the mesh of the'net'as well as in its'kinks.

Cords having right and left turns and strands formed into a cord, andstrands in themselves loop-stitched, only overcome the difficulty inpart because cords and/or twisted pairs or groups of strands limit thestretchability of the margins.

I overcome the wild nature of this yarn by encasing a plurality of thestrands of the yarnv in a loop stitch from strands used in the mesh ofthe net. Double ortriple strands are also carried in the marginal casingto add strength in holding the eight or ten strands of high twist yarnwhich becomes greatly expanded when the twist is released as may be seenin Figs. 2 and 5 of the drawing.

The several highly twistedstrands need not be twisted right or left inpairs nor a cord of such strands used, nor is it desirable to secure theseveral strands together by laying in a cord or by knitting. Themarginal elastic edge is held in a confined encasement where it may bestretched'when under tension-and spring back when the tension isreleased. The twisted kinks are kept substantially within confinedlimits and do not catch in the mesh of my'hair net nor become tangled'upby themselves except in therestricted area within the casing.

'In' the detailed specification to follow, I have described anembodiment of my invention. The preciseness of the specification anddrawing are not intended to restrictthe scope of my invention as-thedetailed construction herein described is intended to illustrate ratherthan to limit. Many modifications are possible; for instance, the numberand size of the strands of highly twisted material; the number ofstrands in the marginal loop stitch which surrounds the highly twistedstrands as well as the uniting stitches which connect the marginalcasing and high twist strands to the mesh of the hair net to the marginwhile encasing the high twist strands may surround the-margin and arenot to be confused. with the casing betweenthese limited points. Thecasing is continuous and confines thehigh twist strands to a restrictedarea within the casing at all places so that when the high twist strandsare released as by applying moisture, the kinks, .whichare themselvestwisted, cannot assume uncontrolled deformities in and between'thepoints or zones of connection to the mesh of the hair net.

The term fstrand;or strands hereinis to be understood as-meaning a unitas 1.contrastedwith a plurality of such units twisted into a. thread orcord. The plurality of strands used in my margin are straight units ofhigh twist strands lying parallel until released.

Specifications of the wearer in the usual manner common to most hairnets, The mesh of the hair net, like most hair nets, is connected to theelastic margin 4 at zones or points 5. I Between the points ofconnection 5, I have provided a casing 6 which surrounds a plurality ofstrands of highly twisted yarn I which are .well.

known to those skilled in the knitting art. These highly. twistedstrands normally are treated so that they will not kink or becomedeformed while being handled in the operations of manufacture of thehair net until moisture is applied, whereupon the strands 1 becomedeformed and changed from a unit having the general appearance ofordinary threads to a very different structure in which twisted loops orkinks form at frequent intervals, and it is these deformities which,when tension is applied, tend to become untwisted, thus causing thelength'of each strand to again increas and to again become a straightthread when suflicient tension is appliedand to again curl up intotwisted loops when tension is released.

The strands are not stretched as an elastic rubber band stretches, butthe rayon fibers used are springy and the high twist of the strand, whenreleased, kinks and a twisted loop forms so that a plurality of suchstrands contract in length and expand in diameter; each twisted loopcrowds against the twisted loops of adjacent ends causing the whole toincrease in size and when under tension, to decrease. l I The strands atthe zones or points 5 are carried by a loop stitch around and along thestrands 1 to the succeeding zone 5 as may be seen particularly in Fig. 4in which the strands 1 are shown in their straight, unreleasedcondition. In Fig. 5, an enlarged fragmentary portion of the margin isshown after the strands l have been moistened and released; the casing 6is shown as though.

the strands 8 of the net, and the additional strands 9 carried in theloop stitch with the strands 8,

. were solid as a wire so that they may be more easily seen in contrastwith the strands 1.

The strands I lie in substantially parallel relation in a group withoutbeing twisted, in much the same manner as the strands in a warppreparatory to weaving; each high twist strand is straight andindependent of each other strand. Thus, the maximum amount of kinkingand twisting is obtained when the strands are moistened or released andeach strand is thus permitted to kink independent of the other of thestrands. The increasing of the stretchability or resilience of themargin may be increased by moistening not only after the completion ofthe manufacture of the hair net but at any time throughout its life anduse by the wearer.

The word kink as used herein is not to be limited to any particular formof kink but to a breadth or scope, the meaning of which includes anydeformation of the high twist strands l,

.which may be accomplished by releasing the springiness of the fibers orsubdivisions of the strand, such as by moistening. The kink may be aslight bend from the relatively straight strands as it is laid in themargin around the edge of my hair net together with the several otherstrands I of high twist yarn, or the kink may become a twist asillustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawing. Under tension, the kinks may besubstantially removed and the strands i may be again substantiallystraight.

The meaning of the word strand does not mean that they are a cord, line,or rope which would comprise several of the strands twisted together.

The body or mesh of my hair net may be the shape common to hair nets orof other designs and shapes, and the margin may define the edge whichforms a peripheral border on the user, or may be any band near themargin which may be resilient and stretchable.

In Fig. 3, a section, such as shown in Fig. 5, shows all of the strandssolid; the strands I being straight and unreleased, are shown as asingle solid mass instead of a plurality of eight or ten strands so thatthe lines of the drawing may be so simplified that the strands formingthe casing 6 may be followed.

The margin 4 is thus comprised of the strands I and the casing 6 betweenthe points 5. In Fig. 2 of the drawing, I have shown one of the twistedkinks in one of the strands 7; this may be regarded as typical of themany kinks which form at intervals throughout the length of each of theseveral strands I; however, they may be much longer or shorter in manycases. They may also combine with kinks in one or more of the otherstrands l to snarl the margin if they were not encased and restricted bythe casing 6.

The number of the strands in the net may vary and the relative number ofstrands in the casing may vary from the number in the net, and

preferably the strands in the casing are double the number in the netwhen the common, simple loop stitch is used in knitting my hair net. Thecasing may be formed inmuch the same way when more complicated stitchesare used without departing from the encasement of highly twisted strandsin the margin.

It is to be noted that the strands forming the casing lie diagonallygirthwise as they are positioned to form the casing, thus permitting thecasing to be extended or contracted when the highly twisted strands areextended by tension or contracted when the tension is released. Themargin of my hair net may be increased in girth or diameter, and whenreleased, will snugly fit the head.

Having thus described an embodiment of my invention, what I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent is set forth in the followingclaims.

I claim:

1. In a hair net having a mesh of strands and relatively highly twistedstrands in the margin of the hair net which become kinked when moistenedto reduce the length of the margin, a casing enclosing said highlytwisted strands throughout their length to confine the enlargement ofsaid kinks within said casing, said casing being formed by the strandsfrom said mesh and being diagonally disposed girthwise around saidhighly twisted strands to permit said margin to be lengthened andcontracted.

2. In a hair net having a mesh of strands and relatively highly twistedstrands in the margin of the hair net which becomes kinked whenmoistened to reduce the length of the margin, a casing enclosing saidhighly twisted strands throughout their length to confine theenlargement of said kinks within said casing, said casing being formedby the strands from said mesh and being diagonally disposed girthwisearound said highly twisted strands to permit said margin to belengthened and contracted and additional strands uniting with saidstrands from said net to increase the number of strands in said casing.

3. In a hair net having a mesh and a stretchable margin secured theretoadapted to yieldingly surround the head of the wearer, a plurality ofsubstantially straight strands of high twist which become kinked whenmoistened to increase the stretchability of said margin and a casingsurrounding said strands of high twist comprising threads from the meshof the hair net.

4. In a hair net having a mesh and a stretchable margin secured theretoadapted to yieldingly surround the head of the wearer, a plurality ofsubstantially straight strands of high twist which become kinked whenmoistened to increase the strtechability of said margin and a casingsurrounding said strands of high twist comprising threads from the meshof the hair net, whereby the kinks of said high twist are substantiallyrestricted in length by said casing and each strand of said high twistis permitted to kink independent of each other strand.

5. In a hair net having a mesh and a stretchable margin secured theretoadapted to yieldingly surround the head of the wearer, a plurality ofsubstantially straight strands of high twist which unkinked andstraightened by tension applied to said margin. 7

6. In a hair net having a mesh and a stretchable margin secured theretoadapted to yieldingly surround the head of the wearer, a plurality ofsubstantially straight strands of high twist which become kinked whenmoistened to increase the stretchability of said margin and a casingsur-- rounding said strands of high twist comprising threads from themesh of the hair net, whereby the kinks of said high twist aresubstantially restricted in length by said casing and each strand ofsaid high twist is permitted to kink independent of each other strand,said strands becoming unkinked and straightened by tension applied tosaid margin and again kinked when the tension is released from saidmargin.

- SAMUEL LOEWENSOHN.

